Through-beam sensors

The system consists of two separate components: a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter emits pulsed light in the infrared or visible red wavelength range. The receiver detects the light beam and immediately converts a beam interruption caused by an object in the sensing zone into a switched signal.
Retro-reflective sensors

For a retro-reflective sensor the transmitter and receiver are incorporated into one housing. By means of a reflector the transmitted light is returned to the receiver. An object in the beam path interrupts the beam and triggers a switching operation. Retro-reflective sensors without polarisation filter operate in the infrared area, systems with polarisation filter with visible red light.
Diffuse reflection sensors

A diffuse reflection sensor is used for the direct detection of objects. As with a retro-reflective sensor transmitter and receiver are incorporated into one housing. The transmitter emits light which is reflected by the object to be detected and seen by the receiver. This system does not evaluate the interruption of the light beam but the reflected light of an object. Important: The switching function referred to light-on / dark-on mode is therefore reversed. The transmitted light of this system is also pulsed.
Optical fork and angle sensors

As is the case with through-beam sensors transmitter and receiver are arranged face to face. Both components are permanent parts of a fork or an angle, i.e. they do not have to be aligned towards each other.
If an object enters the detection zone, the light beam is interrupted and a switching signal is generated. Optical fork and angle sensors use a particularly fine light beam and are thus suitable for the detection of tiny objects.
Infrared heat sensors

Infrared heat sensors absorb the infrared radiation emitted by the object in wave lengths on µm and convert it into a switching signal. So the object itself acts as a transmitter for the sensor. The spectrum of the emitted infrared radiation directly depends on the temperature of the object. The decisive advantage of these sensors as compared to temperature probes (such as PT100) is that there is no mechanical contact between the object and the sensor.